High School Course Catalog

View a printable version of our 2024-25 High School Course Catalog.

Graduation Requirements & Pathways to a Diploma

New York State has introduced new options in recent years for students to meet graduation requirements. The Regents exams that have traditionally been used to satisfy the testing requirements for a Regents and Advanced Regents Diploma still remain. The state has also designated additional “pathways” for students to satisfy diploma requirements, generally through some variation in required exams. While these pathways are referenced below, parents who have questions about graduation requirements are strongly encouraged to contact their child’s counselor.

Regents Diploma

Advanced Regents Diploma

Course Requirements

All of the above Regents Diploma Requirements, plus the 22 units of credit must include one of the following:

• A 5-unit sequence in The Arts
• A 5-unit sequence in Career & Technical Education
• 2 additional units in a Language Other Than English

Testing Requirements

• English Language Arts Regents Exam
• 2 Social Studies Regents Exam
• 3 Mathematics Regents Exam
• 2 Science Regents Exam (1 must be Life Science and 1 must be Physical Science)
• Local Checkpoint B exam in a Language Other Than English

Assessments: Additional Pathways for Advanced Regents Diploma

Pathway Combination Other than Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)

Students can replace one of the Social Studies Regents Exams with a NYS Pathway assessment or meet the requirements for the Career Development and Occupational Studies (CDOS) Commencement Credential.

For more information about the state-approved Pathways assessments, please talk with your school counselor.

STEM Mathematics Pathway

Students can replace one of the Social Studies Regents Exams with a fourth, state-approved Math exam.

STEM Science Pathway

Students can replace one of the Social Studies Regents Exams with a third state-approved Science exam, including a Regents exam.

CDOS Commencement Credential

Can be used as:

• A standalone high school exiting credential that shows students meet work-readiness criteria;
• A supplement to a high school diploma; or
• To help meet Commencement Credential requirements, students must complete a career plan and demonstrate attainment of career exploration and development learning standards.

CDOS requirements integrate academic coursework and workplace readiness skills. Students must complete the equivalent of two units of study in Career and Technical Education coursework, including 54 hours of work-based learning, and at least one employability profile. Students, and their families, who are interested in more information about a CDOS Commencement Credential should contact the school counselor.

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General Academic Information

Unit of Credit

A unit is the measure of credit which a student earns for successfully completing a subject. Most courses offer one credit. These courses meet every school day for one class period. Some subjects meet every other day for the school year and the student receives ½ unit of credit. Other classes meet every day for one semester and the student receives ½ unit of credit.

Passing Grades

In order to earn course credit, either local or Regents, a student must attain a final grade of at least 65% (unweighted GPA). Regents credit is earned by successfully completing the course with at least 65% (unweighted GPA) and by passing the appropriate Regents examination with a 65%. For a one-credit course, the final grade is obtained by adding the four quarter grades and the final exam or Regents exam grade and then dividing by five. For a half-credit course, the final grade is obtained by multiplying each quarter grade by two, adding the final exam, and then dividing by five.

Incompletes

Each teacher will establish a deadline for the submission of all student work. Under extenuating circumstances such as an extended illness, teachers may give an incomplete. When a student is given an incomplete grade, the teacher will determine a reasonable deadline for the completion of work. Parents will be informed of the work that is to be completed as well as the established deadline. A current incomplete will prevent a student from being considered for any position requiring an academic standing (Honor Roll, National Honor Society, eligibility for extracurricular activities, and sports). Incomplete quarterly grades that are not resolved by the end of the school year will become a 50 in the class average.

Drop/Add Policy

Students should make every attempt to drop or add courses before the start of a new school year or semester. After the first ten days of school for a full-year course or semester for a semester-length course, the following procedure must be followed in order for a student to receive a schedule change:

1. Meet with his/her counselor, confirm the permission of the parent, and notify the teacher.
2. If there is a disagreement between the counselor, parent, and/or teacher, the principal will make the final determination as to whether the schedule change will be approved.

If a conference is requested by any one of the parties concerned, further discussion will be arranged. The student will continue to follow the original schedule pending the outcome of the conference.

Academic Intervention Services (AIS)

Students who fail to meet the designated state performance standards, or who are in danger of not meeting standards, are eligible for Academic Intervention Services. Students who score below Level 3 on the New York State Assessments given in 8th grade, are automatically eligible. Students may also qualify by teacher or parent recommendation, student request or by having a failing course average.

National Honor Society Tutors

Members of the Potsdam High School National Honor Society can serve as volunteer tutors during study halls and after school. Tutors may be available in every subject area. National Honor Society tutors who are assigned to the Student Learning Center may earn a half (½) credit. Students wishing to request a tutor should contact their school counselor.

Summer School

Students who fail high school courses may be eligible to earn credits by repeating the course(s) in the local summer school program. Students may enroll in up to two courses offered at summer school. The final summer school class average will be used to replace the lowest two grades of the class average for the year to determine a final grade. Students interested in taking ½ credit accrual courses at summer school (Economics or Participation in Government) must receive administrative approval.

Repeating Courses

Some situations are unique and may receive special consideration in collaboration between a specific department, the school counselor and the principal.

• In some classes, the student may be able to repeat a course for the first semester only. If the student earns a passing grade by averaging the 3rd and 4th quarters of the previous year with the 1st and 2nd quarters of the current year and if he/she passes a Regents or Final Exam given in January, he/she may be awarded course credit and be allowed to exit the course after the first semester.
• Under some circumstances, students may be required to remain in the course for the full year. For example, if the student plans to continue on in Languages Other Than English (LOTE), he/she should remain in the class until June.
• When possible, students who exit a course in January will be scheduled for a semester-length course during the spring semester. For example, a student who exits Global History and Geography in January, may be scheduled for Economics or Participation in Government the second semester.

Repeating Regents Exams

By state regulations, a student is entitled to repeat any Regents exam in order to raise his/her examination grade. If a student takes a Regents exam, only the higher score will be reported on the transcript for college applications. All Regents scores are reported on the final transcript. If the new Regents exam grade is higher, the course average will be recalculated. Students may request a copy of their exam to review.

Promotion Policy

Students who have earned at least five (5) credits shall be classified as sophomores. Students who have earned at least ten (10) credits will be classified as juniors. A student who has earned fifteen(15) credits will be classified as a senior.

GPA Calculation – Weighted & Unweighted

Two types of grade point averages are used at Potsdam High School: unweighted and weighted. The unweighted average is the straight average based on the final grade of your courses divided by the overall number of course credits. An unweighted GPA is measured on a scale of 0 to 100.

The unweighted average is used to determine course credit and academic honors. The weighted average takes into account course difficulty and is generally reported to post-secondary institutions. Potsdam Senior High School courses designated as “Honors” receive a 5.0% weighting and college-credit bearing courses receive a weighting of 8.0%.

A weighted course grade is calculated in the following manner:

• Honors courses (1 high school credit equivalent) – Student course grade x 1.05
• Full-year college-credit bearing courses (1 high school credit / 3 college credits = 1:1 ratio) – Student course grade x 1.08
• College-credit bearing courses (Varying amount of high school credit or college credits) – Student course grade x [(.08 x HS Course Equivalent/HS Credits Awarded) +1].
• A full-year course that is worth 3 college credits is equivalent to 1 high school course. For any full-year course that varies in terms of high school credit and/or college credit, the high school course equivalency will be determined using the same 1:3 ratio.

(Adoption date: December 8, 2020)

Examples

• Example 1 (Honors Course)
  Student course grade = 90
  Weighted GPA for course = 90 x 1.05 = 94.5
• Example 2 (College-level Course worth 1 HS Credit / 3 College Credits)
  Student course grade = 90
  Weighted GPA for course = 90 x 1.08 = 97.2
• Example 3 (College-level Course worth 3 HS Credits / 7 College Credits)
  Student course grade = 90
  Weighted GPA for course = 90 x [0.08 x 2.33 divided by 3) +1] = 95.59

Graduation Honors

Graduation Honors will be determined based on a student’s unweighted GPA at the conclusion
of the fall semester of their senior year.

• Cum Laude: 90.00 – 93.99
• Magna Cum Laude: 94.00 – 96.99
• Summa Cum Laude: 97.00+

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Educational Opportunities

National Honor Society

The National Honor Society of Secondary Schools is a national organization, which recognizes excellence in scholarship, service, leadership, and character. The Potsdam High School chapter is sponsored and supervised by the National Association of Secondary School Principals. To be eligible for selection into the National Honor Society, a sophomore, junior, or senior must have a 1½, 2½, or 3½ year cumulative average of 90 or above. The students are then invited to submit an extracurricular activities report form for service. Their teachers then evaluate the students in the areas of character and leadership. The faculty council considers all of these qualities when determining which students will be selected.

Seaway Career and Technical Education (CTE) Programs

Students at Potsdam High School may elect to attend the Seaway Technical Center in Norwood during their junior and senior years. Students will spend half of the day taking high school coursework and the other half of the day at the technical center. CTE Programs include Allied Health, Automotive Technology, Building Trades, Cosmetology, Criminal Justice, Culinary Arts, Education and Human Services, Health Careers, Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Metalworking Technology, Multi-Occupations, Natural Resources Management and Software Design and Business Development. Students who successfully complete the programs earn the third math and science credits and their career and financial management ½ credit. Additionally, there are full-day one-year programs available in the Education Career Academy and the Agricultural Studies Academy.

Learn more about the Seaway Career & Technical Education Center on the SLL BOCES Website.

Honors Courses

The following Honors courses are currently offered at Potsdam High School: English 1 and 2 Honors. Enrollment in Honors courses is open to all students.

All students enrolled in Honors will be expected to complete a required summer project. Failure to satisfactorily complete the summer project prior to the August deadline will result in the student’s removal from the course.

College-level/Dual Enrollment Courses & Programs

PHS strives to provide students with learning opportunities that will help them to attain their post-high school educational and career goals. We collaborate with Clarkson University, Paul Smith’s College, the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT), SUNY Canton and SUNY Potsdam to offer a variety of courses and programs both on and off-campus.

On-Campus Courses

Partnering with Paul Smith’s College (Advanced Studies Program), R.I.T. (Project Lead the Way), SUNY Canton and SUNY Potsdam College in High School (CHS), Potsdam High School faculty serve as adjunct instructors. They are routinely observed by the Department Chair or Program Liaison of the sponsoring institution to ensure college-level rigor. Students have the option to take a class for local (high school) credit only or to register through the institution to receive both high school and college credit. Credit is awarded based on student work and assessments throughout the course. More information about each college-level/dual enrollment program is provided below the chart.

CHS Biology

• Partner College: SUNY Canton
• College Course Name/Credit Hours: BIOL 150 – College Biology 1 (3 Credits)
• 2024-25 Cost for College Credit: No Charge

CHS Calculus

• Partner College: SUNY Canton
• College Course Name/Credit Hours: MAT 161 – Calculus I (3 Credits)
• 2024-25 Cost for College Credit: No Charge

CHS English Language & Composition

• Partner College: SUNY Canton
• College Course Name/Credit Hours: ENGL 101 – Composition & Spoken Work (3 Credits)
• 2024-25 Cost for College Credit: No Charge

CHS English Literature & Composition

• Partner College: SUNY Canton
• College Course Name/Credit Hours: ENGL 109 – Approaches to Literature (3 Credits)
• 2024-25 Cost for College Credit: No Charge

CHS French 4

• Partner College: SUNY Potsdam
• College Course Name/Credit Hours: FREN 103- French Language III (3 Credits)
• 2024-25 Cost for College Credit: $125 ($75 – free/reduced lunch)

CHS French 5

• Partner College: St. Lawrence University
• College Course Name/Credit Hours: FREN 200 – Oral & Written French I (3 Credits)
• 2024-25 Cost for College Credit: $125 ($75 – free/reduced lunch)

CHS Sociology

• Partner College: SUNY Canton
• College Course Name/Credit Hours: SOC 101 – Intro to Sociology (3 Credits)
• 2024-25 Cost for College Credit: No Charge

American Government & Politics

• Partner College: Paul Smith’s College
• College Course Name/Credit Hours: POL 201 – American Government & Politics (3 Credits)
• 2024-25 Cost for College Credit: $125

Off-Campus Courses & Programs

The Clarkson School

Students who attend the Clarkson School in lieu of their senior year at Potsdam High School will be able to partake in the graduation/senior exercises and will be eligible for any awards or honors thus earned. Students must satisfy any remaining high school graduation requirements at Clarkson University as prescribed in the Clarkson School Program unless they have accelerated in these courses or satisfied the requirement in other ways. Students will be able to participate in interscholastic athletics because they will be granted high school credit for the courses taken at the Clarkson School. The students will be permitted to partake in extracurricular activities and be allowed to take courses at the high school if their schedule allows them to attend the classes here.

The grades for all courses taken at the Clarkson School will be converted using our standard conversion table. This conversion table is used for all transfers from high schools and/or colleges that issue letter grades.

Clarkson University – Scholarships for Academic Enrichment

Potsdam High School seniors may take one course per semester at Clarkson University. Students accepted into this program will not have to pay tuition. Interested students will need to submit a completed application, a transcript and one letter of recommendation from a past or current teacher. See your school counselor for the current year application.

SUNY Potsdam College Advance Program (CAP)

Students at Potsdam High School may take courses at SUNY Potsdam during their senior year through the college’s College Advance Program. In order to be eligible for concurrent enrollment, students must have an overall GPA of 80. Students must provide an official high school transcript and a letter of recommendation from their school counselor to begin registration at SUNY Potsdam. They will also need to have an enrollment form signed from Potsdam Central School before the course begins. When the course(s) are completed students must request a copy of Potsdam State University’s grade for our records if they want that course listed on their high school transcript.

College Unlimited @SUNY Potsdam (CUSP)

This is a formal early entrance program targeted at advanced high school students entering their junior or senior year who wish to complete their remaining high school graduation requirements at SUNY Potsdam. These students are full-time matriculated students enrolled in classes with traditional college students. CUSP is a cohort acceleration program that provides a social and academic support network targeted at mature and motivated high school students. SUNY Potsdam’s position as a liberal arts institution provides the perfect foundation for fulfilling high school graduation requirements while encouraging the exploration of different disciplines and career opportunities.

Grade Conversion Charts

Students who transfer to the district from another secondary school or who enroll in postsecondary courses will necessitate the conversion of grades into a format and level acceptable to Potsdam High School. To facilitate this process, school counselors will use the following conversion charts as a guide when transferring grades.

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Course Offerings

Course Descriptions by Subject Area (Department)

• Art
• Business
• English
• World Languages
• Math
• Music
• Physical Education & Health
• Science
• Social Studies
• Technology

Art

• 1001 Studio Art (1 credit)
• 1027 Digital Photography 1 (½ credit)
• 1028 Digital Photography 2 (½ credit)
• 1035 Ceramics 1 (½ credit)
• 1036 Ceramics 2 (½ credit)
• 1002 Drawing & Painting 1 (½ credit)
• 1003 Drawing & Painting 2 (½ credit)
• 1024 Graphic Design 1 (½ credit)
• 1025 Graphic Design 2 (½ credit)
• 1014 Sculpture 1 (½ credit)
• 1015 Sculpture 2 (½ credit)
• Senior Art Internship (½ credit)

Studio Art

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Final Project

This full year course is worth 1 credit and is the foundation prerequisite class for all other art courses. Students will explore a wide variety of art materials and tools, and will research and relate assignments to a famous artist or multicultural art form. Students will work towards building an art portfolio, developing their own artistic voice, and exhibiting work in the spring art show called “Artistic Endeavors”. Assessments will be based on the NYS standards, the elements of art and principles of design, and occur through peer review, formal critique, written response and a final exam project.

Digital Photography 1

Grades: 10-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: Studio Art and Sophomore standing.
Examination: Final Project
Credit: ½

Students will have the opportunity in this class to learn how to operate and take pictures with a digital camera. Students will work to develop their critical eye, and be discriminating in their image selection. Adobe Photoshop will be utilized for image adjustment, retouching and alteration, to improve the quality of student work. Students will gain a working knowledge of Photoshop for this purpose. Student work will not be computer generated art. Projects will utilize student knowledge of the elements of art and principles of design. Assessments will align with NYS standards and include formal critique, ongoing group discussion and a final exam. The school has some digital cameras for student use, but encourages students to provide one of their own if possible.

Digital Photography 2

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: Digital Photography 1 / Permission of the instructor
Examination: Final Project Credit: ½

Students who are interested in pursuing their photography work further may request to take additional semesters for ½ credit each. Students will be encouraged to explore themes and areas of their own interest, while adding to and improving their portfolios. A final project will consist of 10 photos on a topic of their own choosing.

Ceramics 1

Grades: 9-12 Length: Semester
Prerequisite: Studio Art
Credit: ½
Examination: Final Project

This time intensive course will offer students an opportunity to work with clay and 3-D design. Students will learn pinch, coil and slab techniques, with some beginning wheel throwing, as well as glazing techniques and textural approaches to pottery making. Projects will align with the NYS standards and be project based. Abstract and functional approaches will be covered. Students will work to create a ceramic body of work. Assessments will include formal and informal critiques, partner feedback and final exam project.

Ceramics 2

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: Ceramics 1 / Permission of the instructor
Examination: Final Project
Credit: ½

This class is very time intensive. Students will work to create a body of work in clay, and will need to plan for occasional time outside of class to supervise all aspects of their clay production. Students will reconstitute their own clay and assist with loading and unloading of the kiln. Wheel throwing will be emphasized, with a requirement for multiple sets of one form. Hand building skills will also be utilized. Assessments will align with NYS standards and include formal critique, group discussion and a final exam.

Drawing & Painting 1

Grades: 9-12 Length: Semester
Prerequisite: Studio Art
Credit: ½
Examination: Final Project

This course will provide students with drawing experiences in pencil, pastel, charcoal, colored pencil, marker, pen & ink and collage. Painting experiences will happen in watercolor, tempera, acrylic, pen & ink and oil painting techniques. Projects will be inspired by famous and modern artists, multicultural art forms and local artists. Emphasis will be placed on learning direct observation techniques from Drawing on the Right Side of the Brain. Tasks will align with the NYS standards, and the student’s knowledge of the elements of art and principles of design. Students will work to develop a 2-D portfolio of direct observation work. Assessments will include partner feedback, mid project and formal critiques and a final exam.

Drawing & Painting 2

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: Drawing & Painting 1 / Permission of the instructor
Examination: Final Project
Credit: ½

Students in this class will work independently to explore a variety of drawing and painting mediums, focusing on developing their portfolio. Students may choose to work on the same topics being explored in entry level class, or craft a more advanced approach or material for each. Students will be encouraged to work larger and to choose a theme for developing a body of work, such as “Portraits” in different mediums. It is suggested that students participate in Scholastics, and other exhibit opportunities during the year.

Graphic Design 1

Grades: 9-12 Length: Semester
Prerequisite: Studio Art
Credit: ½
Examination: Final Project

This ½ credit course will offer students the opportunity to learn how to use Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator with Dell Canvases. These two programs are designed to be used together as the industry standard for computer generated artwork. Students will use the computer as an art medium to generate original works of art. Students will be expected to apply their knowledge of the elements of art and principles of design to their work. Several field trips and guest lectures are planned. Course assignments will align with the NYS standards, and be project based. Assessments will include formal and informal critiques, partner feedback and a final project.

Graphic Design 2

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: Graphic Design 1 / Permission of the instructor
Examination: Final Project Credit: ½

Students in this course will design their own project focus with the instructor. Both Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator will be used to accomplish creating individual works of art. Projects will build upon student’s working knowledge of both programs. Ten projects will be completed plus a final project. Emphasis will be placed on creative problem solving. Assessments will align with the NYS standards and include formal critique, ongoing group discussion and a final exam.

Sculpture 1

Grades: 9-12 Length: Semester
Prerequisite: Studio Art
Credit: ½
Examination: Final Project

Students in this course will explore working in 3-D design using a variety of different materials such as cardboard, wood, clay, wire, found objects, and mixed media. Assignments will be project-based and time intensive. Assessments will align with the NYS standards and include formal critique, on-going group discussion and a final exam.

Sculpture 2

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: Sculpture 1/ Permission of the instructor
Examination: Final Project
Credit: ½

This class is intended to build upon skills learned in Sculpture 1. Students will be challenged to explore sculpture mediums of interest and to develop a body of work in that medium. Creating a theme in each project will be encouraged. This course is very time intensive, with mediums that may require more time sensitive work than other courses, (such as plaster). Students will need to manage their time well to be successful. Participation in multiple art exhibits will be encouraged. Assessments will align with the NYS Standards and include formal critique, group discussion and a final exam.

Senior Art Internship

Grades: 9-12 Length: Semester
Prerequisite: Permission of the instructor
Examination: Final Project
Credit: ½

Student will be present during class period(s) scheduled, and may participate in the scheduled class in a teaching assistant capacity, AND:

• Must have taken all the art classes available to them previously or receive permission of the art department due to extenuating circumstances
• Can work on some of their own artwork to improve their senior portfolio can assist Mrs. Moosbrugger or Mrs. Garland with student sample work
• Can offer to assist Mrs. Varney or Mrs. Brosell with art mentoring younger students in the elementary and middle school art rooms
• Can work on helping prepare work for Scholastics and Artistic Endeavors shows and local exhibits
• Can schedule job shadowing within the community in areas of the student’s interest with art instructor approval
• Use the time to work on an art related Senior Capstone project with art instructor support

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Business

• 1110 Personal Finance (½ credit)
• 1113 Business 101 (½ credit)
• 1114 Introduction to Marketing (½ credit)

Personal Finance

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Note: This is required of each student electing a sequence in any area of occupational education at the high school. Students taking a program at Seaway Tech will meet their Career and Financial Management credit as part of their two year program. This course can also count as ½ technology credit.

In this course, the student will explore occupational topics and interests prior to taking more specialized occupational education courses. In addition, students will develop more transferable skills that will be used on the job and/or other courses in school. The purpose of this course is to provide students with the opportunity to study economic principles, explore a variety of careers, develop competencies needed for success in the workplace, and to develop basic financial literacy skills including giving, budgeting, investing, insurance, bargaining, and proper purchasing tactics.

Business 101: Introduction to Business

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

This course is designed to give students a broad overview of business. Topics include the economy, entrepreneurship, management, marketing, accounting, career planning, credit, personal finance, and risk management. Students will also learn how to use Microsoft Excel and develop their skills with this technology.

Note: This course can count as a 3rd math credit.

Introduction to Marketing

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 0.5
Examination: Local

In this course, students are introduced to the principles of marketing. Topics include the marketing mix (product, place, price, and promotion), marketing tools of persuasion, creating value for customers, sports and entertainment marketing, target markets and demographics, corporate social responsibility, Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis, and the consumer decision-making process. Projects will be used extensively to help students develop the creativity and knowledge needed for marketing.

Note: This course can count as a 3rd math credit.

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English

Four years of English are required to graduate. All courses follow the New York State guidelines that suggest an integrated approach to the teaching of language arts. All students must demonstrate competency in reading and writing. This requirement must be satisfied by passing the English Regents, which is first given in January of a student’s junior year.

*Indicates that college credit is available. See course descriptions for more information.

• 1201 English 1 (1 credit)
• 1202 English 1 Honors (1 credit)
• 1203 English 2 (1 credit)
• 1204 English 2 Honors (1 credit)
• 1205 English 3 (1 credit)
• 1219 CHS Language/Composition* (1 credit)
• 1220 CHS Literature/Composition* (1 credit)
• 1225 Creative Writing (English 4) (½ credit)
• 1227 Sports in Literature (½ credit)
• 1226 War in Literature (English 4) (½ credit)
• 1224 Business Communications (English 4) (½ credit)

English 1

Grades: 9
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

In this course, students will develop an understanding of content and literary terms and techniques; character development and motivation; and assimilation of all background information associated with literary units. Students will complete writing assignments based on critical listening, note taking, and literature. Students will also write in creative workshops and will learn to write a well-organized research paper using MLA and basic library research skills. The short story, novel, drama, poetry and essay will be read and analyzed. Students will be instructed in and practice close reading, text analysis in preparation for the Regents Exam in English.

English 1 Honors

Grades: 9
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

Potsdam High School English classes will require students to work as intrinsically motivated, reflective learners, both independently and in groups, as leaders and collaborators. The quality of student performance through oral and written language and other media/technology will reflect and emphasize higher level thinking skills through the student’s critical perspective. Students will be instructed in and practice close reading, argument writing and text analysis in preparation for the Regents Exam in English. All honors classes are intended as a continuum of skills and concepts leading into CHS Literature & Composition (LITR 100) and CHS Language & Composition (COMP 101).

English 2

Grades: 10
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: English 1
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

In this course, students will understand the craft involved in different literary types; express themselves clearly and concisely, both orally and in writing; gain experience in creative writing; and improve grammar and usage as a means to clearer expression. Students will read from a wide variety of literary types, discussing the craft involved in each selection as well as its ideas. The writing program places a premium on clear, concise expression. In addition to frequent written reaction to what students read, they will draw upon their own experiences in creating writings to share with others. Time is given to read materials of their own choosing, and they will share something of readings with the class at designated intervals during the year. Students will be instructed in and practice close reading, argument writing and text analysis in preparation for the Regents Exam in English.

English 2 Honors

Grades: 10
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: English 1
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

Potsdam High School Honors English classes will require students to work as intrinsically motivated, reflective learners, both independently and in groups, as leaders and collaborators. The quality of student performance through oral and written language and other media/technology will reflect and emphasize higher-level thinking skills through the student’s critical perspective. Students will be instructed in and practice close reading, argument writing & text analysis in preparation for the Common Core Regents Exam in English. All honors classes are intended as a continuum of skills and concepts leading into CHS Literature & Composition (LITR 100) and CHS Language & Composition (COMP 101).

English 3

Grades: 11
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: English 2
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Regents

This course is designed to assist students in achieving mastery of critical reading skills and critical writing skills as required for mastery performance on the New York Common Core Examination in English. Students will read, discuss, and write about American literature. Students will be instructed in and practice each of the tasks that comprise the NYS English Regents Exam.

CHS Language/Composition* (COMP 101 Writing & Critical Thinking)

Grades: 11
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: English 2
Credit: 1.0 (4.0 credits from SUNY Potsdam)
Examination: English Regents

The purpose of this course is to help students write effectively and confidently in their college courses across the curriculum, and in their professional and personal lives. Students are expected to read critically a variety of expository, analytical, and persuasive writing, which will appropriately serve as models for the types of writing expected throughout the course. The focus of a thoughtful, analytical, and rigorous academic approach to understanding writing is maintained through reading and analyzing a variety of nonfiction materials, and making students attentive to the author’s purpose, audience, and the tools of the language, such as syntax, word choice, and tone. Students will be expected to study and synthesize primary and secondary source materials with appropriate and accurate MLA citation; write in a variety of rhetorical modes; and use the writing process with special focus on editing, drafting, and reflection to gain understanding of writing, personal growth, and language.

For a nominal fee, students will receive four (4) credits from SUNY Potsdam upon passing the course. Students may take the course for high school credit only.

CHS Literature/Composition* (LITR 100 Introduction to Literature)

Grades: 11
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: English 3
Credit: 1.0 (3.0 credits from SUNY Potsdam)
Examination: Local/Capstone Project & Presentation

In this course, students will work to improve critical analysis of literature – both written and interpretive; improve the critical thinking process; explore and learn to interpret various genres of literature; sharpen both oral and written analytical skills; and prepare for the English Literature and Composition Exam. Students will study classic and modern novels, plays, and poetry. They will write analytical, critical, and interpretive essays.

For a nominal fee, students will receive three (3) credits from SUNY Potsdam upon passing the course. Students may take the course for high school credit only.

Creative Writing (English 4)

Grades: All
Length: Half Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

The class will be organized in a Writer’s Workshop format. Course work will include directed writing exercises, multiple genres, and independent projects. Portfolios will include: all completed directed writing exercises, final drafts of a poem, a short story, and a final project “magnum opus” of their choosing. One selection will be the student’s personal favorite piece, a favorite free write, and one final project, which will be explained in detail when it is assigned. The final project is important as it represents a large percentage of the overall average for the course.

Sports in Literature (English 4)

Grades: All
Length: Half Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

This is not so much about simply books about sports, but the way sports has impacted and impacts culture. Among the athletes and events expected to explore: Jesse Owens and 1936 Olympics, Joe Louis and Max Schmelling, Babe Ruth, Jackie Robinson, Rocky Marciano, Willie Mays, Dodgers and Yankees, Cassius Clay/Ali, Wilt Chamberlain, Sandy Koufax and Hank Greenberg, Billie Jean King, Lance Armstrong, 1980 U.S. Olympic men’s hockey team, Chris Everett, steroid era in baseball, 1972 Summit Series between USSR and Canada in hockey, the Super Bowl, Richard Petty, Doug Williams, Dale Earnhardt, Olga Korbut, Secretariat, 1972 Summer Olympics, Mary Lou Retton, Williams sisters, 1984 Summer Olympics, the World Series, John Madden, Magic Johnson and Larry Bird, Michael Jordan, Wayne Gretzky.

War in Literature (English 4)

Grades: All
Length: Half Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

War is a frequent backdrop in literature, so this will look at some of the most significant literature relating to war. The following are among the books/authors that may be read and explored: A Farewell to Arms or For Whom the Bell Tolls (Hemingway), Red Badge of Courage (Crane), A Thousand Splendid Suns or The Kite Runner (Hosseini), Helmet for My Pillow (Leckie), All Quiet on the Western Front (Remarque), Salt to the Sea (Sepetys), Ashley’s War (Lemmon), Catch-22 (Heller). We’d also look at some of the writings of war correspondents, i.e., Ernie Pyle, Clare Hollingworth, Martha Gellhorn (one of Hemingway’s wives), Edward R. Murrow.

Business Communications (English 4)

Grades: All
Length: Half Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

This class is designed for the student who hopes to be an entrepreneur. Students will study real-life applications of reading for information and composition for public consumption. Upon completion, each student will have written a detailed, comprehensive business plan with an associated appropriate online presence. Topics include: Writing skills – writing a business plan, loan application process, message design principles (website, business card, logo, advertisements, etc.), letter writing/email communications etiquette; invoice / late payment creation, etc. Verbal communication skills -assertiveness training, power dynamics, effective oral directions / verbal directives, negotiation and critical thinking, etc. Materials – A variety of non-fiction titles including but not limited to: Hillbilly Elegy by J.D. Vance, Rich Dad, Poor Dad by Robert Kiyosaki, current events from periodicals, etc.

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World Languages

Students seeking a Regents diploma must complete AND pass one year of a foreign language at the High School level. Students seeking an Advanced Designation Regents diploma can complete three years of a foreign language and pass the FLACS B exam to meet the sequence requirement. Please note that many colleges prefer that students have at least four years of foreign language study in high school.

*Indicates that college credit is available. See course descriptions for more information.

• 1401 French 1 (1 credit)
• 1402 French 2 (1 credit)
• 1403 French 3 (1 credit)
• 1404 CHS French 4* (1 credit)
• 1405 CHS French 5* (1 credit)
• 1410 Spanish 1 (1 credit)
• 1411 Spanish 2 (1 credit)
• 1412 Spanish 3 (1 credit)
• 1413 Spanish 4 (1 credit)

French 1

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: FLACS A

In this course, students will develop elementary proficiency in listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills, and become acquainted with the culture and geography of the French-speaking world. The course will include oral and written mastery of basic vocabulary from some of the 14 topic areas of the New York State Modern Language Syllabus, and an introduction to basic grammatical patterns necessary for efficient communication, including the ability to express ideas in the present, past and future tenses. A full-length French feature film will be viewed. A minimum of 1 credit in a foreign language must be attained in order to graduate.

Students must have an overall passing average (final exam included) to receive credit for the course.

French 2

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: French 1 or recommendation of 8th grade French Teacher
Examination: Local
Credit: 1.0

In this course, students will further develop and refine listening, speaking, reading and writing skills, and increase knowledge of the French-speaking world. Course content will include oral and written mastery of intermediate level vocabulary from some of the 14 topic areas of the New York State Modern Language Syllabus; stronger emphasis on acquisition of grammatical patterns necessary for communication at this level, including the present, imperfect, passé compose and future tenses; and reading and discussion of a variety of materials to develop communication skills and cultural knowledge. A full-length French feature film will be viewed.

French 3

Grades: 10-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: French 2
Credit: 1.0
Examination: FLACS B

Through listening, speaking, reading and writing, students will expand knowledge of grammatical patterns and verb tenses; increase vocabulary, especially as taken from context; and discuss class work and personal experiences in French. Writing will include controlled writing and free composition. All objectives are aimed at increasing student’s communication skills.

Students must pass the level 3 course and final exam in order to meet the sequence requirement for the Advanced Designation Regents diploma.

CHS French 4* (FREN 103 French Language III)

Grades: 11-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: French 3
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

In this course, students will put into practice the skills that have been learned during the first three years of this sequence by speaking French in class and expanding their communicative abilities and putting them to practical use, especially within conversational context. Content for this course may include the use of full-length French language films, francophone television programs and contemporary music to stimulate improvement of listening and spoken language skills; writing of original skits, poems, and compositions; production of original videos; participation in an exchange program with the Lycée Rémi Belleau in Nogent-le-Rotrou, France; use of up-to-date material to stimulate conversation, to expand vocabulary, and to improve ability to deduce meaning from context; and intensive review of all verb tenses and grammatical structures.

Note: Students in French 4 may register for college credit through SUNY Potsdam’s College in High School Program.

CHS French 5* (FREN 203 Oral & Written French I)

Grades: 12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: French 4 or teacher recommendation
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Final exam and/or AP Exam

In this course, students will refine listening, speaking, reading and writing skills to a level equivalent to third-year college proficiency. Students will understand native speakers with ease; speak idiomatically about everyday topics, current events, and literature; organize and write compositions of extended length; and comprehend contemporary and classical texts. There is extensive review of vocabulary and grammar; writing of compositions and narratives; role-playing and discussions; listening to recordings by native speakers; viewing and analyzing French films and television; reading and discussion of selected literary works; possible participation in French Exchange.

Note: Students in French 5 may register for college credit through SUNY Potsdam’s College in High School Program.

Spanish 1

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: FLACS A

In this course, students will develop elementary Spanish proficiency in listening, speaking, reading and writing skills and become acquainted with the cultures and geography of the Spanish-speaking world. Course content will include oral and written mastery of basic vocabulary and an introduction to basic grammatical patterns necessary for efficient communication, including the ability to express ideas in the present and the future.

Student must have an overall passing average (final exam included) to receive credit for the course.

Spanish 2

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Spanish 1 or recommendation of 8th grade Spanish Teacher
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

In this course, students will develop an intermediate level Spanish proficiency in listening, speaking, reading and writing skills and become further acquainted with the cultures and geography of the Spanish-speaking world. Content in this course includes oral and written mastery of intermediate level vocabulary; stronger emphasis on acquiring more grammatically correct patterns of speech and writing; reading/viewing and discussion of short stories, articles and video for the purpose of further developing communication skills and cultural knowledge.

Spanish 3

Grades: 10-12
Prerequisite: Spanish 2
Length: Full Year
Credit: 1.0
Examination: FLACS B

In this course, students will increase reading vocabulary, especially in cultural context; expand knowledge of grammatical patterns and verb tenses; continue to develop speaking and writing skills in Spanish. All objectives are aimed at increasing the students’ communicative skills and cultural awareness. This course includes more in-depth study of Hispanic cultures; audio and video materials to increase listening comprehension levels in Spanish; a variety of materials to increase reading comprehension levels in Spanish; and frequent opportunities to practice speaking/conversational skills in Spanish.

Students must pass the level 3 course and final exam in order to meet the sequence requirement for the Advanced Designation Regents diploma.

Spanish 4

Grades: 11-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Spanish 3
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

In this course students will put into practice the skills that have been learned during the first three years of this sequence by speaking in Spanish in class; expanding their communicative abilities in writing; and improving their ability to understand spoken and written Spanish from a wide variety of sources. Course content includes audio and video material in Spanish to improve listening and speaking skills; reading, oral discussion and written discussion of appropriate Spanish materials.

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Math

All students are required to obtain three credits in math and pass one Regents exam in Math in order to earn a Regents diploma. Students seeking an Advanced Designation Regents diploma must pass Regents exams in Algebra 1, Geometry and Algebra 2.

*Indicates that college credit is available. See course descriptions for more information.

• 1543 Algebra 1 (1 credit)
• 1594 Algebra 1A (1 credit)
• 1598 Algebra 1B (1 credit)
• 1518 Basic Geometry (1 credit)
• 1504 Geometry (1 credit)
• 1507 Algebra 2/Trigonometry (1 credit)
• 1505 Algebra 2A (1 credit)
• 1506 Algebra 2B (1 credit)
• 1539 Pre-Calculus (1 credit)
• 1511 CHS Calculus* (1 credit)

Algebra 1

Grades: 9
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Regents

This is the first course of a three-year Regents sequence in mathematics. It covers algebraic and statistical structure, application, and problem solving. Alternative methods of solution and application will be an integral part of this course. It is the goal that students placed in this course will be prepared for the Algebra I Regents exam and will be successfully prepared for Regents Geometry.

Algebra 1A

Grades: 9
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

This course is designed for the student whose background indicates the need for a slower-paced presentation of math topics. Indicators include receiving a score of 1 or 2 on the 8th grade New York State Mathematics Assessment and/or teacher recommendation. This class is the first of two courses covering algebraic and statistical structure, application, and problem solving. Extended time on task and exposure to alternative methods of solution will be an integral part of this course. It is the goal that students placed in the Algebra I and IB courses will be better prepared for the Algebra I Regents.

Algebra 1B

Grades: 10
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Algebra 1A
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Regents

This course is designed for the student whose background indicates a need for a slower-paced presentation of math topics. It is the second of two courses covering algebraic and statistical structure, application, and problem solving. Extended time on task and exposure to alternative methods of solution will be an integral part of this course. It is the goal that students placed in the Algebra IA and IB courses will be better prepared for the Algebra I Regents.

Basic Geometry

Grades: 10-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Algebra 1 or 1A and 1B
Credit: 1.0

Students not pursuing an Advanced Regents Diploma may be recommended for this course as an advanced math after Algebra 1 or 1A and 1B. This course will meet a second or third math credit.

Students will not be expected to take the Regents exam in Geometry.

Geometry

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Algebra 1
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Regents

This is the second course of the three-year Regents sequence. Students will have the opportunity to make conjectures about geometric situations and prove in a variety of ways, both formal and informal, that their conclusion follows logically from their hypothesis. This course is meant to employ an integrated approach to the study of geometric relationships. Topics include: Euclidean geometry; transformational geometry; coordinate geometry; and circular functions.

Algebra 2/Trigonometry

Grades: 10-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Geometry
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Regents

This is the third of the three-year Regents sequence. Topics include complex numbers, relations and functions, circular functions, trigonometry, probability, and statistics.

Algebra 2A

Grades: 10-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Geometry
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

Algebra 2A and Algebra 2B allow the student who did not excel on the Geometry Regents the opportunity to still pursue a Regents Diploma with Advanced Designation by preparing for the Regents Examination in Algebra 2 over two years. Topics include complex numbers, relations and functions, circular functions, trigonometry, probability, and statistics.

Algebra 2B

Grades: 11-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Algebra 2A
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Regents

Algebra 2A and Algebra 2B allow the student who did not excel on the Geometry Regents the opportunity to still pursue a Regents Diploma with Advanced Designation by preparing for the Regents Examination in Algebra 2 over two years. Topics include complex numbers, relations and functions, circular functions, trigonometry, probability, and statistics.

At the end of this course, students will take the Algebra 2 Regents Exam.

Pre-Calculus

Grades: 11-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Algebra 2
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

This is a course that introduces some of the important concepts of calculus including but not limited to polynomial and rational functions, exponential and logarithmic functions, trigonometric functions, analytical trigonometry, polar coordinates and parametric equations, vectors, matrices, conics and limits. It is designed for students intending to major in a mathematics-related field in college.

CHS Calculus* (MAT 241 Calculus I)

Grades: 12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

This rigorous, first-semester college Calculus course focuses on derivative and integral functions. Specific topics include limits and continuity, derivatives and antiderivatives, and definite integrals. These concepts are applied to polynomial, rational, trigonometric, and exponential functions, their inverses and combinations. Students solve problems dealing with rates, areas, volumes, and surfaces of revolution; arc length; work; fluid pressure; velocity and acceleration; and exponential growth and decay.

This is a college course and students paying the (discounted) fee for Paul Smith’s credit will receive a Paul Smith’s transcript.

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Music

All students are required to complete one (1) credit in art or music. Students may fulfill this requirement by being part of a performance group class for two years or by taking the full year course, Music in Our Lives.

• 1601 Music in Our Lives (1 credit)
• 1602 Foundations of Music (½ credit)
• 1603 Treble Choir (½ credit)
• 1604 Concert Choir (½ credit)
• 1605 Band (½ credit)
• 1612 Orchestra (½ credit)
• 1613 Music (Instrumental) Exploration (½ credit)

Music in Our Lives

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

In this course, students will develop musical skills through performing on the guitar, ukulele, or piano; listening to, analyzing, and describing music; and discovering ways in which music enriches our lives. Students will learn how to read and write traditional music notation; learn how to play melodies, chords, and fingerpick on the guitar and/ukulele; be able to trace the evolution of popular music in the United States through folks songs, jazz, and rock; study a variety of multicultural music from backgrounds such as African, Native American, Asian, Hispanic, and others; become familiar with the characteristics, major works, and composers of the various periods in music history including Renaissance, Baroque, Classical, Romantic, and 20th Century; compose simple, original melodies as well as duet parts to familiar songs; describe the impact and influence of music on present and past cultures.

Foundations of Music

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full Year – every other day
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Students in Foundations of Music will study the basic processes and elements of the construction of music. The course begins with a brief review of music notation and quickly moves into interval recognition, scale, and chord construction, basic musical forms, and concepts in harmony. Students will develop greater musical understanding through sight-singing, ear-tuning, score analysis, melodic and rhythmic dictation, and composition. The course is open to all students with an understanding of music notation. It is strongly recommended for any student considering majoring in music in college.

Treble Choir

Grades: 9-12 All females and any males with unchanged voices.
Length: Full year – every other day
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Through participation and study in treble choir, students will be able to produce a clear and pleasant singing tone with proper breath support; sing with reasonably good intonation; study and perform choral literature of various styles and from various periods of history; sight-sing melodies appropriate for ability level; sing in two and three-part harmony; sing with expression; and contribute positively to a musical organization. According to NYS Music Standards, students who participate in Treble Choir will be scheduled for small group vocal lessons once each six -day cycle so that students can pursue the above objectives in a more individualized setting. Instruction is tailored to meet individual needs.

Concert Choir

Grades: 9-12 males and 10-12 females
Length: Full year – every other day
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Previous choral experience is helpful but not mandatory. Students are expected to rehearse and perform level 5 and 6 choral literature from various historical periods and by a variety of composers; become familiar with different musical styles and forms; learn 3-4 vocal solos during the year; perform a minimum of level 4 sight reading; and analyze performances of his/her own group and others to improve skills. Students will study proper vocal technique; choral literature for mixed voices from a variety of historical periods and styles; music reading and sight reading. In addition, students will work effectively in a group situation and will participate in selected performances throughout the school year. Students will be scheduled for small group vocal lessons once each 6 day cycle to pursue objectives in a more individualized setting. Students will be expected to show improvement in the areas of vocal production, sight singing, and understanding of musical style, form and harmony. Upperclassmen with a high level of musical development will have the opportunity to perform in small ensembles.

concert Band

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full year – every other day
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Students interested in Concert Band should be currently engaged in taking lessons in school or privately. Previous playing experience is essential. Students will develop ensemble performance skills; recognize and understand written musical notation and marking and be able to perform the same with a reasonable degree of proficiency; work effectively in a group situation and contribute to the total musicality of the group; and experience musical artistic performance. Course content will include music reading; musical expression and phrasing; ear training; articulation and technique; and music history and theory as they apply to the music being studied. Students who participate in Concert Band will be scheduled for small group instrumental lessons once each 6 day cycle so that students can pursue the above objectives in a more individualized setting. Instruction is tailored to meet individual needs. Students will be expected to develop technical and musical skills; learn how to contribute to a musical group; understand basic theory as it is applied to a particular instrument; develop good practicing habits; and achieve a personal performance level which will enable the student to enjoy musical performance beyond high school.

Orchestra

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full year – every other day
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Students interested in participating in Orchestra must have a reasonable musical background and performance proficiency on their orchestral instrument and commensurate with a minimum of NYSSMA level 3. In this course, students will acquire skills, habits and techniques necessary for effective musical expression; become more sensitive to the aesthetic values of music; perform and appreciate varied selections from the world’s finest music literature; enjoy music through active participation in Orchestra; and contribute to the musical life of the school and community. Specific areas covered and stressed include music reading and interpretation; tone production and balance; ensemble playing; pitch refinement; and musicality. Students who participate in Orchestra will be scheduled for small group string lessons once each 6 day cycle so that students can pursue the above objectives in a more individualized setting. During lessons, the student will develop technical and musical skills on an instrument; use these skills to become a valuable member of the Orchestra; develop personal and musical confidence through solo and chamber music; develop a lifelong skill to perform on an instrument; and gain the ability to listen critically to music and appreciate fine music for the high art it truly is, and the ability to distinguish between music as art and music as marketing.

Music (Instrumental) Exploration

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full Year – every other day
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Instrumental Explorations is a course designed to offer students the opportunity to begin an instrument, study an instrument they may have started at one point and quit, or improve their skills on an instrument that they already play. Students will work independently under the supervision of one of the Music Department Faculty to develop skills necessary to play a musical instrument. Students may choose to study piano, guitar, ukulele, or a band or orchestra instrument.

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Physical Education & Health

New York State requires that all students in grades 9-12 successfully complete 16 ten week units of Physical Education in order to graduate. Each year will earn ½ unit of credit for a total of 2 credits toward graduation. Physical Education is graded numerically and included in the overall average and class rank. All classes are co-educational. Each student must dress appropriately and actively participate in the program, which meets every other day for a full year. Freshmen & Sophomores take PE A & B; Juniors & Seniors take PE C and D.

All students must successfully complete ½ credit of Health as a state requirement to graduate.

• Physical Education (½ credit)
• Health (½ credit)

Physical Education

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

The primary goal of Potsdam High School’s physical education program is to assist each child in the development of attitudes, skills, and knowledge of human movement, which lead to lifetime participation in a variety of activities. The objectives of this course are to provide students the opportunity for physical growth and development within a learning environment; to develop the student’s growth through which he/she may attain enjoyment and satisfaction in their school life and their adult life; to build a knowledge and appreciation of rules, regulations, strategies, and goals of team/individual sports; to development the student’s skills, knowledge, and attitudes for continuing participation in physical recreations which are of benefit to the individual; and to develop an understanding that fitness is a function of personal lifestyle choices.

Health

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

In this course students will understand ways to promote health and prevent disease. Students will demonstrate positive personal and socially responsible health behaviors. They will recognize threats to their health and environment and offer appropriate strategies to minimize them. Students will understand the influence of culture, media, and technology in making decisions about personal and community health issues. They will learn to use valid health information. Topics included in the course include disease prevention and early detection, wellness, mental health issues, first aid and safety, CPR, drug (including alcohol and tobacco) use prevention, parenting, sexuality education, and HIV prevention and education.

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Science

Students must complete 3 units of science to meet graduation requirements, one of which must be Living Environment. For a Regents diploma, students must pass 1 science Regents. For an Advanced Designation Regents diploma, students must pass 2 science Regents exams. In order to pass a Regents science class and be eligible to take the Regents exam, students must satisfactorily complete the required lab component. Regents lab classes meet every other day.

*Indicates that college credit is available. See course descriptions for more information.

• 1801 Earth Science (1 credit) + 1803 Earth Science Lab (0 credit)
• 1839 Physical Science (1 credit)
• 1805 Living Environment (1 credit) + 1807 Living Environment Lab (0 credit)
• 1809 Chemistry (1 credit) + 1810 Chemistry Lab (0 credit)
• 1811 Physics (1 credit) + 1812 Physics Lab (0 credit)
• 1820 Greenhouse Management 1 (½ credit)
• 1821 Greenhouse Management 2 (½ credit)
• 1822 Natural Resource Management 1 (½ credit)
• 1823 Natural Resource Management 2 (½ credit)
• 1840 Anatomy & Physiology (1 credit)
• 1841 CHS Cellular Biology* (1 credit)

Earth Science + Lab

Grades: 9-10
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Regents

In this course, students will come to better appreciate their environment; make informed judgments concerning our planet; gain an understanding of earth processes, methods of science and of earth scientists; learn the use of practical laboratory materials; and successfully complete the Regents Comprehensive Examination at the end of the course. Areas to be covered include the earth and moon in space; the changing earth; water and seas; water in the air; energy and wind; wind, weather, and climate; weather of the lands; sediments in the sea; mountains from the seas; rocks within the mountains; rock cycles; evolution of landscapes; measuring time; records in rocks; life present, past and future.

Physical Science

Grades: 10
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

Given the regents graduation requirements for science, many students are in need of a physical science class that is not tied to a regents exam or a separate lab component. This course will provide an opportunity for students to learn the basics in multiple sciences: Chemistry, Physics, and Earth Science. By utilizing a project-based and exploratory approach, students will investigate interesting and important questions about the physical and technical world.

Living Environment + Lab

Grades: 9-10
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Regents

A passing credit in this course is required for graduation with a Regents or local diploma in NYS. This course is designed to provide a broad, general understanding of the fundamental principles of biology and the living environment and to provide an extension of understanding in selected areas. This course consists of the basic core of eight units and, in addition, several teacher-selected extended treatment areas. Laboratory exercises have been chosen to facilitate development of major concepts of the New York State Syllabus. The units studied include: Similarities and Differences Among Living Organisms, Homeostasis in Organisms, Genetic Continuity, Reproduction and Development, Evolution, Ecology, Human Impact on Ecosystems, Scientific Inquiry and Skills, and Laboratory Skills.

Chemistry + Lab

Grades: 10-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Algebra 1, Living Environment
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Regents

In this course, the student is expected to develop a better understanding of theoretical and practical chemistry that can be applied to the modern world. This is a good preparation course for anyone interested in future studies of science, math, or nursing. Content areas covered in this course include the atom; formulas and equations; mathematics of formulas and equations; physical behavior; periodic table; bonding; properties of solutions; kinetics and equilibrium; oxidation and reduction; acids, bases and salts; organic chemistry; and nuclear chemistry.

Physics + Lab

Grades: 11-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Regents Geometry, Living Environment, Earth Science
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Regents

In this course the student will develop an understanding of physical phenomena through both laboratory and recitation experiences, with some emphasis upon mathematical concepts and their use in application to physical problems. Physics should be considered an introductory study of the physical sciences and a necessity for students contemplating a career in engineering, mathematics, or science. In this course, the student will be introduced to mechanics; wave motion and optics; electricity and magnetism; atomic and nuclear physics; and modern physics.

Greenhouse Management 1

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Greenhouse is an applied physical science that can be used to fulfill the third science credit requirement. This course is designed to increase students’ knowledge of horticulture, including greenhouse construction and management, plant science, and customer relations. This course will focus on the growing of houseplants. Students will study growing methods, plant anatomy, greenhouse design, and business skills.

Greenhouse Management 2

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Greenhouse is an applied science that can be used to fulfill the third science credit requirement. This course is designed to increase students’ knowledge of horticulture, including greenhouse construction and management, plant science, and customer relations. This course will focus on landscape design and the growing and selling of bedding plants. Students will study growing methods, plant anatomy, landscape design, and business skills.

Natural Resource Management 1

Grades: 11-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Natural Resource Management is an applied physical science course that can be used to fulfill the third science credit requirement. This course is designed to introduce students to wildlife management and wildlife species identification, the conservation of natural resources, and lifelong outdoor life skills. Course content includes tree identification, forestry and woodlot management, wildlife identification and management, a class project building a canoe or snowshoes, and raising rainbow trout.

Natural Resource Management 2

Grades: 11-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Natural Resource Management is an applied physical science course that can be used to fulfill the third science credit requirement. This course is designed to introduce students to wildlife management and wildlife species identification, conservation of natural resources, and lifelong outdoor life skills. Course content includes air and water quality, bird identification, map and compass use, land surveying, and GPS/GIS technology.

Anatomy & Physiology

Grades: 11-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Living Environment & Chemistry
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

This curriculum encompasses all the major topics covered in most standard human Anatomy & Physiology courses. These topics include, but are not limited to: basic biochemistry and organic chemistry, orientation and technical terms, cells, tissues, the structure and function of the 11 major body systems including a separate unit on the senses, disease, and other conditions of the human body.

CHS Cellular Biology* (BIO 102 Molecular/Cellular Biology)

Grades: 11-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Living Environment & Chemistry
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

This course provides an introduction to the molecular and cellular basis of life. Topics covered will include biomolecules and their behavior in living systems, cell structure and function, metabolism, inheritance and biotechnology. Laboratory exercises will introduce students to techniques and investigational approaches used in the field of cell and molecular biology. This course will provide a foundation for understanding scientific methods, models and hypotheses that form the basis of our current knowledge in the field of cell and molecular biology, and to appreciate the role this knowledge plays in society.

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Social Studies

Students must complete 4 years of social studies to meet graduation requirements. New York State requires that students demonstrate competency in both global history and geography and United States history and government. There are Regents exams in both Global History and US History. Students are also required to take one semester of economics and one semester of participation in government. The Advanced Placement Government and Politics course will also meet the requirement for these 2 semester courses.

*Indicates that college credit is available. See course descriptions for more information.

• 1901 Global History & Geography 1 (1 credit)
• 1902 Global History & Geography 2 (1 credit)
• 1905 United States History & Government (1 credit)
• 1919 Introduction to Philosophy (½ credit)
• 1907 Economics (½ credit)
• 1908 Participation in Government (½ credit)
• 1923 CHS American Government & Politics* (1 credit)
• 1922 CHS Sociology* (1 credit)

Global History & Geography 1

Grades: 9
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

In this course, students will study the world in a chronological format from Prehistory to Early Modern Civilizations (1700s); compare and contrast a variety of world cultures during similar historical periods of time; demonstrate knowledge of geography and how it impacts the way people live; and discuss and evaluate current global events.

Global History & Geography 2

Grades: 10
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Global 1
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Regents Exam

In this course, students will demonstrate knowledge of the major geographic regions of the world; economic and political forces that have shaped various regions of the world; the development of various cultures since the 18th century; the impact of past decisions on current international issues; the use of research skills to collect data to draw conclusions, prove thesis statements, and make generalizations; the use of various methods of presentation to inform groups about topics; the value of positive contributions from various cultures to the modern world. Course content will include the Enlightenment; the French Revolution; the Industrial Revolution; revolution in Europe and Latin America; nationalism in Europe; European imperialism; World War I and World War II and Cold War; and the World since 1945 (Europe, Latin America, Middle East, South Asia, Asia, and Africa).

United States History & Government

Grades: 11
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: Global Studies
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Regents Exam

In this course, students will learn about historical events and the people who contributed to the American cultural heritage; principles of the US Constitution and its function throughout history; the industrial revolution and its impact, including immigration throughout history; political movements and their impact on American society; and the changing role of the US Government in world affairs. Students will study amendments and Supreme Court decisions; the American political system; cultural history in the United States; international relations of the United States and the American economic system.

Introduction to Philosophy

Grades: 10-12
Length: Semester
Credit: ½
Prerequisite: Global Studies 1
Examination: Local

Introduction to Philosophy is an elective, survey course designed to familiarize students with the major areas of the discipline of philosophy. This course will allow students to engage with the major questions, approaches, and thinkers from each area of philosophy. Each major area of philosophy and its accompanying questions will be explored chronologically as we explore our textbook. Introduction to Philosophy will be a highly participatory class and will require students to participate in class activities every day. Open discussions in large and small groups will be essential to the success of the course.

Economics

Grades: 12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: U.S. History
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

This course will emphasize economic decision-making. The course will focus on the basic economic concepts needed to evaluate macroeconomic conditions, government policies, and personal finance. The course will focus on how economic systems reflect the values of societies. Course content will include economic reasoning, factors of production, fundamental questions of economics and economic goals of our society; the free enterprise system; the role of business, labor and government in the economy; economic stability; the role of money, credit and banking; and the United States economy within the global economy, other economic systems, international trade, and the developing world.

Participation in Government

Grades: 12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: U.S. History
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

A major aim of education in the State of New York is to prepare its students for a productive and meaningful life as citizens in local, state, national, and international settings. The purpose of this course is to examine government at the federal, state, and local levels. Throughout the course, students will consider the ways in which the government in this country is organized, the ways in which people participate, the many functions that the government has, and the way in which it carries out those functions. Class activities will include guest speakers, projects, simulations, group work, and small group discussion concerning the organization and tasks of governments, as well as the problems and issues which concern them.

CHS American Government & Politics* (POL 201 Government & Politics)

Grades: 12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: U.S. History
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

This course is offered through Paul Smith’s Advanced Studies Program. The CHS American Government and Politics is a college-level introduction to key political concepts, ideas, institutions, policies, interactions, roles, and behaviors that characterize the constitutional system and political culture of the United States. Students will read and analyze U.S. foundational documents, Supreme Court decisions, and other texts and visuals to gain an understanding of the relationships and interactions between political institutions and behavior. They will read and interpret data, develop evidence-based arguments, and engage in an applied civics or politics research-based project. This course will include economics, therefore fulfills the Gov/Eco. requirement for seniors.

CHS Sociology* (SOC 101 Sociology)

Grades: 11-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

This course is offered through Paul Smith’s Advanced Studies Program. Sociology 101 provides students with an introduction to the field of sociology, the social science discipline which places emphasis on human interaction. The course offers a systematic study of the relationships between people in groups and between groups and society. The importance of culture to human socialization is emphasized, thus allowing students to investigate the nature of relationships with people from different backgrounds.

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Technology

The Technology Department offers many practical courses that students can use throughout their lives. Many people think that these courses are only for students entering the workforce directly after graduation. While this is the case for some, it is certainly not true of all students enrolled in technology courses. For students pursuing a career in the many and varied areas of engineering, architecture, electronics, construction and building, this department offers courses that will form the foundation for more advanced study in college. Participation in these courses at Potsdam High School will give students a head start in those widely diversified areas.

*Indicates that college credit is available. See course descriptions for more information.

• 2012 Design and Drawing for Production (DDP) (1 credit)
• 2017 Intro to Engineering Design (DDP/PLTW)* (1 credit)
• 2002 Principles of Engineering (POE)* (1 credit)
• Civil Engineering & Architecture (1 credit)
• 2016 Computer Integrated Manufacturing (1 credit)
• 2018 Woodworking (½ credit)
• 2019 Metalworking (½ credit)
• 2020 Computer Science (½ credit)

Design and Drawing for Production (DDP)

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

DDP is an introductory technology course designed to develop students’ problem-solving abilities and give them the skills necessary to successfully complete the upper-level pre-engineering courses. Topics of study include: basic measurement, sketching, two-dimensional and three-dimensional CAD systems, technical drawing standards, the design process, visual design principles and elements, graphic design, the history of technology, inventors and inventions of the last 1500 years. DDP can be used to satisfy a student’s art/music credit requirement.

Intro to Engineering Design – IED (DDP/PLTW)*

Grades: 9-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: None
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

In this course, students use 3D solid modeling design software to help them design solutions to solve proposed problems. Students will learn how to document their work and communicate solutions to peers and members of the professional community. The major focus of the IED course is to expose students to the design process, research and analysis, teamwork, communication methods, global and human impacts, engineering standards, and technical documentation.

This course will be listed on your transcript as Design Drawing for Production/Project Lead the Way to satisfy state education department regulations as a high school art credit.

Principles of Engineering (POE)*

Grades: 11-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: IED; Geometry
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

This survey course of engineering exposes students to some of the major concepts they’ll encounter in a postsecondary engineering course of study. Students have an opportunity to investigate engineering and high-tech careers and to develop skills and understanding of course concepts. Students employ engineering and scientific concepts in the solution of engineering design problems. They develop problem-solving skills and apply their knowledge of research and design to create solutions to various challenges. Students also learn how to document their work and communicate their solutions to peers and members of the professional community.

Civil Engineering & Architecture

Grades: 10-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: IED
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

The major focus of this course is completing long-term projects that involve the development of property sites. As students learn about various aspects of civil engineering and architecture, they apply what they learn to the design and development of a property. The course provides teachers and students freedom to develop the property as a simulation or for students to model the experiences that civil engineering and architects face. Students work in teams, exploring hands-on activities and projects to learn the characteristics of civil engineering and architecture. In addition, students use 3D design software to help them design solutions to solve major course projects. Students learn about documenting their project, solving problems, and communicating their solutions to their peers and members of the professional community of civil engineering and architecture.

Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)

Grades: 10-12
Length: Full Year
Prerequisite: IED
Credit: 1.0
Examination: Local

Manufactured items are part of everyday life, yet most students have not been introduced to the high-tech, innovative nature of modern manufacturing. This course illuminates the opportunities related to understanding manufacturing. At the same time, it teaches students about manufacturing processes, product design, robotics, and automation. Students can earn a virtual manufacturing badge recognized by the National Manufacturing Badge system.

Woodworking

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Upon completion of this course, students will be able to: identify and safely use the woodworking equipment to complete a pre-designed project or one of their own design; identify and select materials to construct the project; and design and complete their item, including sketches, dimensions, and procedures for construction, fabrication and finish. In this course, students will devote 75% of their time to building a nice piece of woodworked furniture including a dovetailed drawer and raised panel door. Students will become proficient in the safe use of woodworking tools, equipment and materials. The remaining time will be spent on homework, lessons, demonstrations and tests.

Metalworking

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Metal is a material that is widely used in today’s society for many different applications. Students will be introduced to content and skills related to the metal working industry. Content will range from obtaining metal as a natural resource, project planning, safety, and tool and equipment usage. Students will complete projects in the following areas: Sheet metal, Lathe, Welding, Wrought Work, and CNC machining.

introduction to Computer Science

Grades: 9-12
Length: Semester
Prerequisite: None
Credit: ½
Examination: Local

Intro to Computer Science is an introductory-level course for students brand new to programming and computer science. In this course, you will learn problem-solving strategies, software design, and the foundations of computer science. Not only will this course prepare you for continuing study in computer science (for example, AP Computer Science A and AP Computer Science Principles), but it will teach you how to think computationally and solve real-world problems, skills that are important to every 21st-century citizen.

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Seaway Technical Career Center Courses

Learn more about courses offered at Seaway Technical Center on the St. Lawrence-Lewis BOCES website.

*Indicates that college credit is available.

• 2201 Automotive Technology 1 * (3 credits)
• 2202 Automotive Technology 2* (3 credits)
• 2203 Building Trades 1 (3 credits)
• 2204 Building Trades 2 (3 credits)
• 2205 Criminal Justice 1* (3 credits)
• 2206 Criminal Justice 2 (3 credits)
• 2207 Cosmetology 1 (3 credits)
• 2208 Cosmetology 2 (3 credits)
• 2209 Culinary Arts 1* (3 credits)
• 2210 Culinary Arts 2* (3 credits)
• 2251 Education & Human Services 1* (3 credits)
• 2252 Education & Human Services 2* (3 credits)
• 2213 Natural Resources Management 1 (3 credits)
• 2214 Natural Resources Management 2* (3 credits)
• 2215 Health Careers 1* (3 credits)
• 2216 Health Careers 2* (3 credits)
• 2217 HVAC 1 (3 credits)
• 2218 HVAC 2 (3 credits)
• 2219 CREATE 1 (3 credits)
• 2220 CREATE 2 (3 credits)
• 2221 Metalworking 1 (3 credits)
• 2222 Metalworking 2* (3 credits)
• 2223 Software Development/Business Design 1 (3 credits)
• 2224 Software Development/Business Design 2 (3 credits)
• 2225 Allied Health* (3 credits)
• 2253 Agriculture Studies Program* (3 credits)
• 2227 Applied Math A (½ credit)
• 2228 Applied Science A (½ credit)
• 2229 Applied Math B (½ credit)
• 2230 Applied Science B (½ credit)

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Extracurricular Opportunities

Extracurricular Eligibility Policy

Students who participate in extracurricular activities at Potsdam High School must be enrolled as a full-time student; must demonstrate adherence to district attendance expectations; and must not be failing more than one academic subject. Students will be reviewed academically every five weeks to determine eligibility. Students failing one subject will be reminded of the school’s extracurricular policy. Students failing two subjects will be immediately placed on probation, and within a 10-school-day period following the date of the notification letter to parents/guardians, students who were failing two subjects must be passing at least one of the two subjects. Students failing three or more subjects will be placed on the ineligible list until a review has taken place.

Activities/Clubs

Potsdam High School offers a large number of activities including interest-based clubs and performance groups. These activities, for the most part, meet after school, with some activities requiring students to occasionally miss a day of school for special events and competitions. All students who participate in these activities are subject to eligibility requirements as detailed in the Extracurricular Eligibility Policy.

View a list of Activities/Clubs offered at Potsdam High School.

Athletics

Potsdam High School offers a variety of interscholastic athletics throughout the school year. All students who participate in these teams are subject to eligibility requirements as detailed in the Extracurricular Eligibility Policy.

Learn more about Athletics at Potsdam Central School District.

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